SECO

Secoo Holding Limited SECO

Trading inactive

Finances

2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Revenue 485.571 M -44.32 % 872.135 M -11.97 % 990.698 M 21.68 % 814.201 M 47.11 % 553.467 M 41.76 % 390.427 M 40.77 % 277.342 M
Net income -87.722 M -736.71 % -10.484 M -146.91 % 22.348 M -2.60 % 22.946 M 16.37 % 19.718 M 393.60 % -6.716 M 80.99 % -35.322 M
Income before tax -113.936 M -873.12 % -11.708 M -141.90 % 27.945 M -5.79 % 29.662 M 96.76 % 15.076 M 324.70 % -6.709 M 81.01 % -35.322 M
Income before tax ratio -0.23 -1 647.81 % -0.01 -147.59 % 0.03 -22.57 % 0.04 33.75 % 0.03 258.51 % -0.02 86.51 % -0.13
EBITDA -533.520 M -560.86 % 115.766 M 230.70 % 35.007 M -2.47 % 35.894 M 124.10 % 16.017 M 771.60 % -2.385 M 98.85 % -208.145 M
Net income ratio -0.18 -1 402.82 % -0.01 -153.29 % 0.02 -19.96 % 0.03 -20.90 % 0.04 307.11 % -0.02 86.49 % -0.13
Ratio EBITDA -1.10 -927.75 % 0.13 275.66 % 0.04 -19.85 % 0.04 52.34 % 0.03 573.76 % -0.01 99.19 % -0.75
Gross profit ratio 0.04 -74.23 % 0.15 -16.26 % 0.17 -1.85 % 0.18 8.87 % 0.16 6.06 % 0.15 23.88 % 0.12
Weighted average shs out dil 7.065 M 15.33 % 6.126 M 16.81 % 5.244 M 0.15 % 5.237 M 0.96 % 5.187 M 0.97 % 5.137 M 26.93 % 4.047 M
Weighted average shs out 7.065 M 15.33 % 6.126 M 21.92 % 5.024 M -0.45 % 5.047 M -0.88 % 5.092 M -0.88 % 5.137 M 26.93 % 4.047 M
EPS diluted -12.42 -626.32 % -1.71 -140.14 % 4.26 -2.74 % 4.38 15.26 % 3.80 390.08 % -1.31 84.99 % -8.73
Earnings per share -12.42 -626.32 % -1.71 -138.43 % 4.45 -2.20 % 4.55 17.57 % 3.87 395.42 % -1.31 84.99 % -8.73
Gross profit 18.321 M -85.65 % 127.697 M -26.28 % 173.223 M 19.43 % 145.040 M 60.16 % 90.558 M 50.35 % 60.231 M 74.39 % 34.539 M
Income tax expense -26.217 M -2 840.51 % 956.646 K -78.97 % 4.548 M -26.11 % 6.155 M 231.95 % -4.665 M -70 478.52 % 6.628 K 0.000
Cost of revenue 467.251 M -37.23 % 744.438 M -8.93 % 817.475 M 22.16 % 669.161 M 44.56 % 462.909 M 40.19 % 330.196 M 35.99 % 242.803 M
General and administrative expenses 424.271 M -6.41 % 453.314 M 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Selling and marketing expenses 214.299 M -23.25 % 279.207 M 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Other expenses 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Operating expenses 114.539 M -6.56 % 122.578 M -13.61 % 141.895 M 26.80 % 111.902 M 46.22 % 76.528 M 18.41 % 64.631 M -5.28 % 68.236 M
Cost and expenses 581.790 M -32.90 % 867.016 M -9.63 % 959.370 M 22.83 % 781.063 M 44.79 % 539.437 M 36.63 % 394.827 M 26.94 % 311.039 M
Research and development expenses 15.527 M -5.61 % 16.450 M 12.01 % 14.686 M 20.87 % 12.150 M 32.27 % 9.186 M 12.47 % 8.168 M 25.50 % 6.508 M
Selling general and administrative expenses 99.013 M -6.70 % 106.128 M -16.57 % 127.209 M 27.53 % 99.752 M 48.13 % 67.342 M 19.27 % 56.463 M -8.53 % 61.728 M
Interest income 843.000 K -82.62 % 4.851 M 255.84 % 1.363 M -89.41 % 12.870 M 450.24 % 2.339 M 0.000 0.000
Interest expense 138.927 M 7.47 % 129.276 M 651.49 % 17.203 M 167.63 % 6.428 M 562.00 % 970.965 K 64.43 % 590.496 K 33.02 % 443.905 K
Depreciation and amortization 86.901 M 2.89 % 84.458 M 25.81 % 67.134 M 268.20 % 18.233 M 35.82 % 13.424 M 0.27 % 13.388 M 660.26 % 1.761 M
Operating income -96.219 M -1 979.61 % 5.119 M -83.66 % 31.328 M -5.46 % 33.138 M 136.19 % 14.030 M 418.87 % -4.400 M 86.94 % -33.697 M
Operating income ratio -0.20 -3 475.97 % 0.01 -81.44 % 0.03 -22.30 % 0.04 60.55 % 0.03 324.94 % -0.01 90.72 % -0.12
Total other income expenses net -114.266 M 1.62 % -116.147 M 38.39 % -188.528 M 0.57 % -189.613 M -2 784.60 % 7.063 M 146.04 % -15.341 M -50.18 % -10.215 M
2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Net debt 193.357 M 79.58 % 107.674 M 30.08 % 82.773 M 250.20 % 23.636 M 174.34 % -31.794 M -1 847.22 % -1.633 M 90.27 % -16.775 M
Total investments 4.562 M -51.12 % 9.333 M -16.10 % 11.124 M -23.87 % 14.612 M -77.13 % 63.900 M 0.000 -100.00 % 23.916 M
Total debt 220.081 M 0.65 % 218.649 M -0.27 % 219.237 M 17.06 % 187.291 M 304.39 % 46.314 M 60.93 % 28.779 M 6.20 % 27.100 M
Accumulated other comprehensive income loss 10.158 M 84.92 % 5.493 M 244.39 % -3.804 M -309.85 % -928.237 K -13.96 % -814.496 K 93.50 % -12.529 M -201.12 % -4.161 M
Retained earnings -278.062 M -50.73 % -184.476 M -14.09 % -161.697 M 13.32 % -186.544 M 15.20 % -219.992 M -12.15 % -196.153 M -73.23 % -113.234 M
Common stock 37.499 K 2.61 % 36.545 K 52.44 % 23.974 K -1.43 % 24.323 K -5.15 % 25.644 K 279.18 % 6.763 K -6.56 % 7.238 K
Total equity 279.230 M -21.19 % 354.327 M 48.52 % 238.567 M 8.51 % 219.863 M 10.95 % 198.156 M 195.43 % -207.651 M -524.46 % 48.921 M
Other non current liabilities -1.143 B -14.50 % -998.437 M 11.42 % -1.127 B -54 443.71 % 2.074 M 0.000 0.000 0.000
Long term debt 1.356 B 13.15 % 1.198 B -9.83 % 1.329 B 692.38 % 167.727 M 778.54 % 19.092 M 0.000 0.000
Total non current liabilities 212.760 M 6.38 % 199.994 M -0.94 % 201.900 M 18.90 % 169.801 M 789.40 % 19.092 M -92.42 % 251.738 M 0.000
Other current liabilities 602.424 M 186.43 % -696.982 M 0.75 % -702.265 M -308.54 % 336.756 M 213.16 % -297.588 M -181.84 % 363.607 M 233.76 % -271.842 M
Deferred revenue 34.089 M -29.86 % 48.601 M 118.29 % 22.264 M 18.10 % 18.852 M 51.75 % 12.423 M 81.68 % 6.838 M 6.95 % 6.394 M
Short term debt 46.662 M -79.84 % 231.493 M 16.85 % 198.108 M 47.49 % 134.324 M 122.24 % -603.979 M -2 198.68 % 28.779 M 107.44 % -387.012 M
Total current liabilities 209.506 M -20.21 % 262.588 M -5.18 % 276.934 M 70.28 % 162.636 M 14.75 % 141.737 M 33.21 % 106.401 M 3.83 % 102.480 M
Total liabilities 422.266 M -8.72 % 462.582 M -3.39 % 478.834 M 44.04 % 332.437 M 106.70 % 160.828 M -55.09 % 358.139 M 249.47 % 102.480 M
Other non current assets 1.208 M -21.08 % 1.531 M 257.86 % -969.608 K -381.35 % -201.434 K -116.22 % 1.242 M 295.24 % 314.123 K -51.04 % 641.555 K
Long term investments 4.562 M -51.12 % 9.333 M -13.51 % 10.791 M 1 209.21 % 824.242 K -95.66 % 19.011 M 0.000 -100.00 % 23.916 M
Intangible assets 126.621 K 2.61 % 123.398 K -97.47 % 4.874 M 2.39 % 4.760 M 0.000 0.000 0.000
GoodWill 126.621 K 2.61 % 123.398 K -96.35 % 3.382 M 13.76 % 2.973 M 0.000 0.000 0.000
Goodwill and intangible assets 253.242 K 2.61 % 246.796 K -97.01 % 8.256 M 6.76 % 7.733 M 0.000 0.000 0.000
Property plant equipment net 9.748 M -64.38 % 27.366 M -21.60 % 34.905 M 322.67 % 8.258 M 31.83 % 6.264 M 23.69 % 5.065 M -8.67 % 5.546 M
Total non current assets 53.775 M 5.13 % 51.151 M -25.10 % 68.291 M 183.68 % 24.073 M -27.64 % 33.271 M 518.57 % 5.379 M -82.13 % 30.103 M
Other current assets 461.710 M -19.28 % 571.991 M -18.09 % 698.306 M 19.18 % 585.933 M 346.69 % 131.173 M -27.04 % 179.787 M 479.34 % 31.033 M
Short term investments 0.000 0.000 -100.00 % 332.773 K -97.59 % 13.788 M -69.28 % 44.889 M 0.000 0.000
cash and cash equivalents 26.724 M -75.92 % 110.976 M -18.68 % 136.464 M -16.62 % 163.655 M 109.52 % 78.108 M 156.83 % 30.412 M -30.69 % 43.875 M
Cash and short term investments 26.724 M -75.92 % 110.976 M -18.88 % 136.796 M -22.91 % 177.443 M 44.27 % 122.997 M 304.44 % 30.412 M -30.69 % 43.875 M
Total current assets 647.721 M -15.41 % 765.758 M 17.97 % 649.109 M 22.88 % 528.227 M 62.18 % 325.714 M 124.46 % 145.109 M 19.63 % 121.298 M
Inventory 525.145 M -6.93 % 564.236 M 30.39 % 432.728 M 38.70 % 311.980 M 63.46 % 190.863 M 75.40 % 108.815 M 47.92 % 73.566 M
Net receivables 514.874 M 1.72 % 506.176 M 17.54 % 430.624 M 116.48 % 198.923 M 266.69 % 54.248 M 158.42 % 20.992 M 179.22 % 7.518 M
Tax assets 38.004 M 199.82 % 12.676 M -17.20 % 15.309 M 105.23 % 7.459 M 10.45 % 6.754 M 0.000 0.000
Other assets 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Account payables 409.519 M 17.63 % 348.154 M -38.82 % 569.045 M 14.13 % 498.579 M 56.58 % 318.414 M 15.94 % 274.629 M -4.99 % 289.061 M
Tax payables 6.015 M -49.15 % 11.829 M -25.51 % 15.880 M 0.000 0.000 -100.00 % 15.410 M 42.87 % 10.786 M
Deferred revenue non current 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Minority interest -150.784 K 33.82 % -227.835 K -104.25 % 5.358 M 30.68 % 4.100 M 263.93 % 1.127 M 9.97 % 1.024 M 0.000
Capital lease obligations 21.667 M -80.42 % 110.631 M -27.40 % 152.390 M 0.000 100.00 % -631.202 M 0.000 100.00 % -414.111 M
Preferred stock 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -100.00 % 166.308 M
Other total stockholders equity 3.488 B 593.58 % 502.869 M -63.71 % 1.386 B -49.94 % 2.768 B 1.75 % 2.721 B 0.000 0.000
Deferred tax liabilities non current 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Other liabilities 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Total assets 701.496 M -14.13 % 816.909 M 13.87 % 717.400 M 29.89 % 552.300 M 53.85 % 358.985 M 138.55 % 150.488 M -0.60 % 151.401 M
2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Deferred income tax -26.418 M -877.80 % 3.396 M 142.08 % -8.071 M -632.51 % -1.102 M 83.07 % -6.508 M 0.000 0.000
Stock based compensation 2.286 M -71.99 % 8.161 M 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Change in working capital -64.030 M 60.24 % -161.058 M -165.71 % -60.614 M 53.10 % -129.248 M -167.81 % -48.260 M -35.94 % -35.501 M -427.35 % 10.845 M
Accounts receivables 12.565 M 351.45 % 2.783 M 309.97 % -1.325 M 98.04 % -67.767 M -1 277.14 % -4.921 M -1 242.58 % -366.520 K -140.56 % 903.721 K
Inventory -20.908 M 81.34 % -112.046 M 11.22 % -126.209 M -60.76 % -78.509 M -20.83 % -64.974 M -55.76 % -41.715 M -51.03 % -27.620 M
Accounts payables 10.985 M 136.26 % -30.296 M -460.93 % 8.394 M -68.39 % 26.555 M 309.88 % 6.479 M 371.44 % -2.387 M -107.51 % 31.768 M
Other working capital -66.672 M -210.10 % -21.500 M -136.74 % 58.526 M 714.24 % -9.528 M -162.87 % 15.156 M 69.00 % 8.968 M 54.79 % 5.794 M
Other non cash items 126.051 M -30.22 % 180.631 M 35.00 % 133.798 M 1.80 % 131.427 M 77.16 % 74.187 M 45.55 % 50.969 M 4 901.54 % 1.019 M
Net cash provided by operating activities -59.147 M 54.73 % -130.666 M -269.55 % -35.358 M 64.09 % -98.453 M -274.83 % -26.266 M 30.39 % -37.731 M -87.08 % -20.168 M
Investments in property plant and equipment -2.156 M 13.44 % -2.491 M 51.40 % -5.125 M 24.21 % -6.763 M -136.72 % -2.857 M -62.70 % -1.756 M 28.27 % -2.448 M
Acquisitions net -250.000 K -154.37 % 459.851 K 161.81 % -744.009 K -198.50 % 755.325 K 11 243.67 % 6.659 K -99.77 % 2.920 M 0.000
Purchases of investments -38.763 K 0.000 100.00 % -6.680 M -16.83 % -5.717 M 86.78 % -43.254 M 0.000 0.000
Sales maturities of investments 0.000 -100.00 % 2.033 M -86.40 % 14.946 M -66.17 % 44.177 M 0.000 0.000 0.000
Other investing activites 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.00 % -10.372 M 0.000 0.000 0.000
Net cash used for investing activites -2.195 M -168 433.76 % 1.304 K -99.95 % 2.397 M -89.14 % 22.080 M 147.89 % -46.104 M -4 060.36 % 1.164 M 147.55 % -2.448 M
Debt repayment -158.348 M -8 951.20 % 1.789 M -96.75 % 55.078 M -94.63 % 1.026 B 910.23 % 101.598 M 303.33 % 25.190 M -70.70 % 85.974 M
Common stock issued 0.000 -100.00 % 703.774 M 0.000 0.000 -100.00 % 862.161 M 0.000 -100.00 % 53.897 M
Common stock repurchased 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.00 % -30.341 M 25.41 % -40.677 M 0.000 0.000
Dividends paid 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Other financing activites -62.000 K 99.99 % -603.402 M -1 178.07 % -47.212 M -57 475.42 % -82.000 K 92.00 % -1.025 M 95.22 % -21.447 M -107.68 % 279.205 M
Net cash used provided by financing activities -24.562 M -124.04 % 102.161 M 1 198.74 % 7.866 M -94.77 % 150.513 M 13.23 % 132.926 M 3 451.01 % 3.743 M -93.56 % 58.102 M
Effect of forex changes on cash -4.661 M 83.23 % -27.790 M 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Net change in cash -84.252 M -230.56 % -25.488 M 6.27 % -27.192 M -131.79 % 85.547 M 79.36 % 47.696 M 245.31 % -32.824 M -192.50 % 35.486 M
Cash at beginning of period 110.976 M -18.68 % 136.464 M -16.62 % 163.655 M 109.52 % 78.108 M 156.83 % 30.412 M -51.91 % 63.235 M 653.80 % 8.389 M
Cash at end of period 26.724 M -75.92 % 110.976 M -18.68 % 136.464 M -16.62 % 163.655 M 109.52 % 78.108 M 156.83 % 30.412 M -30.69 % 43.875 M
Operating cash flow -59.147 M 54.73 % -130.666 M -269.55 % -35.358 M 64.09 % -98.453 M -274.83 % -26.266 M 30.39 % -37.731 M -87.08 % -20.168 M
Capital expenditure -2.156 M 13.44 % -2.491 M 51.40 % -5.125 M 24.21 % -6.763 M -136.72 % -2.857 M -62.70 % -1.756 M 28.27 % -2.448 M
Free CashFlow -61.303 M 53.96 % -133.157 M -228.91 % -40.484 M 61.52 % -105.215 M -261.28 % -29.123 M 26.25 % -39.487 M -74.60 % -22.616 M
2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
2022-06-30 2021-12-31 2021-06-30
Revenue 179.649 M -28.06 % 249.721 M 5.87 % 235.864 M
Net income -125.974 M -54.35 % -81.615 M -1 191.64 % -6.319 M
Income before tax -127.219 M -20.34 % -105.715 M -1 144.56 % -8.494 M
Income before tax ratio -0.71 -67.28 % -0.42 -1 075.50 % -0.04
EBITDA -117.674 M -23.82 % -95.035 M -10 101.84 % 950.177 K
Net income ratio -0.70 -114.56 % -0.33 -1 119.96 % -0.03
Ratio EBITDA -0.66 -72.12 % -0.38 -9 546.84 % 0.00
Gross profit ratio -0.49 -327.70 % -0.11 -157.89 % 0.20
Weighted average shs out dil 7.065 M 0.00 % 7.065 M 0.00 % 7.065 M
Weighted average shs out 7.065 M 0.00 % 7.065 M 0.00 % 7.065 M
EPS diluted -17.83 -54.37 % -11.55 -1 197.75 % -0.89
Earnings per share -17.83 -54.37 % -11.55 -1 197.75 % -0.89
Gross profit -88.206 M -207.69 % -28.667 M -161.29 % 46.770 M
Income tax expense -1.225 M 94.88 % -23.941 M -924.43 % -2.337 M
Cost of revenue 267.855 M -3.78 % 278.388 M 47.22 % 189.093 M
General and administrative expenses 0.000 0.000 0.000
Selling and marketing expenses 0.000 0.000 0.000
Other expenses 0.000 0.000 0.000
Operating expenses 29.575 M -55.54 % 66.527 M 38.43 % 48.059 M
Cost and expenses 297.430 M -13.77 % 344.915 M 45.44 % 237.152 M
Research and development expenses 4.213 M -40.64 % 7.097 M -15.75 % 8.425 M
Selling general and administrative expenses 25.362 M -57.32 % 59.430 M 49.94 % 39.634 M
Interest income 6.944 K -83.76 % 42.760 K -51.31 % 87.813 K
Interest expense 9.459 M -22.21 % 12.159 M 29.51 % 9.389 M
Depreciation and amortization 86.065 K -99.82 % 48.948 M 87 611.00 % 55.806 K
Operating income -117.782 M -23.73 % -95.194 M -7 287.37 % -1.289 M
Operating income ratio -0.66 -71.99 % -0.38 -6 877.45 % -0.01
Total other income expenses net -9.438 M 10.29 % -10.520 M -46.01 % -7.206 M
2022-06-30 2021-12-31 2021-06-30
2022-06-30 2021-12-31 2021-06-30
Net debt 210.604 M 8.92 % 193.357 M 30.90 % 147.713 M
Total investments 4.468 M -2.05 % 4.562 M -50.21 % 9.162 M
Total debt 224.249 M 1.89 % 220.081 M 4.59 % 210.424 M
Accumulated other comprehensive income loss 281.732 K -97.23 % 10.158 M 40.29 % 7.240 M
Retained earnings -386.686 M -39.06 % -278.062 M -44.05 % -193.038 M
Common stock 35.702 K -4.79 % 37.499 K 1.38 % 36.988 K
Total equity 134.418 M -51.86 % 279.230 M -21.26 % 354.609 M
Other non current liabilities -1.248 B -9.15 % -1.143 B -14.99 % -994.191 M
Long term debt 1.467 B 8.19 % 1.356 B 12.46 % 1.206 B
Total non current liabilities 219.146 M 3.00 % 212.760 M 0.54 % 211.614 M
Other current liabilities 1.176 B 95.28 % 602.424 M -24.10 % 793.743 M
Deferred revenue 52.087 M 52.80 % 34.089 M 42.29 % 23.957 M
Short term debt 34.162 M -26.79 % 46.662 M -69.67 % 153.836 M
Total current liabilities 205.442 M -1.94 % 209.506 M 5.15 % 199.252 M
Total liabilities 424.588 M 0.55 % 422.266 M 2.77 % 410.866 M
Other non current assets 1.118 M -7.48 % 1.208 M -53.75 % 2.612 M
Long term investments 4.468 M -2.05 % 4.562 M -50.21 % 9.162 M
Intangible assets 2.884 M 2 177.66 % 126.621 K 1.38 % 124.894 K
GoodWill 0.000 -100.00 % 126.621 K 1.38 % 124.894 K
Goodwill and intangible assets 0.000 -100.00 % 253.242 K 1.38 % 249.789 K
Property plant equipment net 6.622 M -32.07 % 9.748 M -59.34 % 23.975 M
Total non current assets 50.992 M -5.17 % 53.775 M 3.17 % 52.124 M
Other current assets 787.006 M 70.45 % 461.710 M -51.63 % 954.449 M
Short term investments 0.000 0.000 0.000
cash and cash equivalents 13.645 M -48.94 % 26.724 M -57.39 % 62.710 M
Cash and short term investments 13.645 M -48.94 % 26.724 M -57.39 % 62.710 M
Total current assets 508.014 M -21.57 % 647.721 M -9.20 % 713.351 M
Inventory 406.250 M -22.64 % 525.145 M -6.46 % 561.414 M
Net receivables 2.884 M -99.44 % 514.874 M 903.26 % 51.320 M
Tax assets 38.784 M 2.05 % 38.004 M 135.66 % 16.126 M
Other assets 0.000 0.000 0.000
Account payables 401.962 M -1.85 % 409.519 M -6.53 % 438.123 M
Tax payables 7.243 M 20.41 % 6.015 M -30.40 % 8.642 M
Deferred revenue non current 0.000 0.000 0.000
Minority interest -165.065 K -9.47 % -150.784 K -534.95 % 34.667 K
Capital lease obligations 13.685 M -36.84 % 21.667 M -76.64 % 92.739 M
Preferred stock 0.000 0.000 0.000
Other total stockholders equity 3.487 B -0.01 % 3.488 B 596.74 % 500.591 M
Deferred tax liabilities non current 0.000 0.000 0.000
Other liabilities 0.000 0.000 0.000
Total assets 559.006 M -20.31 % 701.496 M -8.36 % 765.475 M
2022-06-30 2021-12-31 2021-06-30
Deferred income tax
Stock based compensation
Change in working capital
Accounts receivables
Inventory
Accounts payables
Other working capital
Other non cash items
Net cash provided by operating activities
Investments in property plant and equipment
Acquisitions net
Purchases of investments
Sales maturities of investments
Other investing activites
Net cash used for investing activites
Debt repayment
Common stock issued
Common stock repurchased
Dividends paid
Other financing activites
Net cash used provided by financing activities
Effect of forex changes on cash
Net change in cash
Cash at beginning of period
Cash at end of period
Operating cash flow
Capital expenditure
Free CashFlow